| Apatosaurus excelsus |
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Originally Brontosaurus excelsus, this "Deceptive Lizard" was discovered & described in 1879 in Colorado by Othniel Charles Marsh. Apatosaurus lived during the Late Jurassic Period about 154 to 150 million years ago. It was 21 meters (about 70ft.) in length, 4.5 meters (15ft.) in height at the hips, & 40 tons in weight.
In some editions of the first novel, Camarasaurus is added as one of Nublar's inhabitants and it is classified as an Apatosaurus.
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| Carnotaurus sastrei |
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"Meat-Eating Bull" discovered by in Patagonia, described & named in 1985 by José F. Bonaparte. Carnotaurus lived during the Mid to Late Cretaceous Period about 113 to 91 million years ago. It was 7.5 meters (25 feet) in length, 3.5 meters (10 feet) in height, & 1 ton (1000 kilograms) in weight.
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| Cearadactylus atrox |
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"Ceara Finger" discovered in the Santana Formation, Brazil, described & named in 1985 by Leonardi, G. and Borgomanero, G. Cearadactylus lived during the Early Cretaceous Period about 115 million years ago. It had a 5.5 meter (18 foot) wingspan & was 33 pounds (15 kilograms) in weight.
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| Coelurosaurus (*) |
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"Hollow-Tailed Lizard" was, more than likely, not really a dinosaur. It was described by von Huene in a 1914 paper and may have been a misspelling of ‘coelurosauria’. Coelurosaurs were a group of theropod dinosaurs that included the tyrannosaurids, ornithomimosaurs, and maniraptors.
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| Dilophosaurus wetherilli "venenifer" (*) |
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| "Double-Crested Lizard" discovered in 1940 in Monument Valley in Arizona by Jesse Williams a Navajo Native American, described & named in 1970 by Samuel P. Welles. Dilophosaurus lived during the Early Jurassic Period about 200 to 180 million years ago. It was 6.8 meters (22 feet) in length, over 2 meters (7 feet) in height, & 1.100 pounds in weight. It is heavily unlikely the real-life Dilophosaurus was able to spit venom little alone have a venomous bite like the ones in the novel. |
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| Euoplocephalus tutus |
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"Well-Armored Head" discovered in 1902 by Lawrence Lambe, described & named in 1910 by Lambe. Euoplocephalus lived during the Late Cretaceous Period about 85 to 65 million years ago. It was 6 meters (20 feet) in length, 2.4 meters (8 feet) wide, & 2.2 tons (2 metric tonnes) in weight.
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| Gallimimus bullatus |
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The "chicken mimic" was discovered in the early 1970s in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and described in 1972 by Halszka Osmólska, Ewa Roniewicz, and Rinchen Barsbold.
Gallimimus lived during the Late Cretaceous about 71 to 68 million years ago. Up to 6 meters (20ft) in length, 2 meters (6.6ft) in height at the hips and 1000 pounds (454kg) in weight.
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Hadrosaurus foulkii
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The “heavy reptile” was discovered in Haddonfield, New Jersey in 1858 by William Parker Foulke and described by Dr. Joseph Leidy.
Hadrosaurus lived during the Late Cretaceous about 84 to 80 million years ago. It was 8 meters (26.2 ft) in length, over 2 meters (7ft) in height at the hips and 3 tons in weight.
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Hypsilophodon foxii
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"High-Crested Tooth" discovered in 1849 in England, described & named in 1870 by T.H. Huxley. Hypsilophodon lived during the Early Cretaceous Period. It was 2 meters (6.5 feet) in length, 2.3 meters (7.5 feet) in height, & 154 pounds (70 kilograms) in weight.
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Maiasaura peeblesorum
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The "good mother reptile" was described in 1979 by Dr. Jack Horner (Jurassic Park films consultant). This dinosaur brought new concepts that are in place today on the parenting habits of dinosaurs.
It was 9 meters (29.5ft), 3 meters (10ft) in height at the hips and 3 tons in weight. Maiasaura lived during the Late Cretaceous about 80 to 72 million years ago.
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Microceratops gobiensis (*)
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"Small-Horned Face" discovered in the Gobi Desert, described & named in 1953 by Bohlin. Microceratops lived during the Late Cretaceous Period about 80 to 65 million years ago. It was .6 meters (2 feet) in length, 25 centimeters (10 inches) in height, & 15 pounds (6.8 kilograms) in weight.
In the first edition of the novel, Callovosaurus is noted as a Dinosaur on the tally screen; however, after the reclassification of Callovosaurus as a Camptosaurus this was replaced in later versions by Microceratops, which was encountered in the trees above the river in the first edition of the first novel. It is also worthy of notation that Callovosaurus may not even be a camptosaurid at all and instead a dryosaurid.
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| Mussaurus patagonicus "vegrandis" (*) |
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"Mouse Lizard" discovered by in the El Tranquilo Formation, Santa Cruz, described & named in 1979 by José F. Bonaparte and Martin Vince. Mussaurus lived during the Late Triassic Period about 215 million years ago. It was 7.9 meters (26 feet) in length, 3 meters (10 feet) in height, & 2 tons (1,800 kilograms) in weight.
The Mussasarus patagonicus in TLW are either miniaturized adults or precocious infants - possibly the latter, as we know little of prosauropod parenting habits. Presently, to be safe we've modified the name to distinguish it from the real-life animal. |
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Othnielia rex (*)
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"High-Crested Tooth" discovered in the 19th Century the Morrison Formation, described & named in 1977 by Peter Galton after its discoverer Prof. Othniel Charles Marsh. Othnielia lived during the Late Jurassic Period about 156 to 145 million years ago. It was 1.1 meters (4 feet) in length, .6 meters (2 feet) in height, & 22 pounds (10 kilograms) in weight.
Othnielia has had a complicated taxonomic history and originally was based off of a find of a femur that scientists considered distinct enough for a new species of the old genus Nanosaurus and originally they called it N. rex. Science then renamed it to Othnielia rex after further investigation, after a while a good partial skeleton was found, and was referred to the new species of Laosaurus consors (what the Othnielia in the novel are based on). Later scientists found that Laosaurus was actuall Othinielia after further investigation, but now - recently - scientists have found the original femur of Othinielia isn't distinctive at all and this has thrown the entire classification system off for this particular dinosaur. Science has since revisited this classification, once again, and the real-life animal is now actually Othnielosaurus consors.
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| Ornitholestes hermanni (?) |
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"Bird Robber" discovered by in Como Bluff, Wyoming, described & named in 1903 by Henry Osborn. Ornitholestes lived during the Late Jurassic Period about 156 to 145 million years ago. It was 2 meters (6.5 feet) in length, .9 meters (3 feet) in height, & 25 pounds (12 kilograms) in weight.
This dinosaur is debatable due to Levine's hastily made identification of the animal, but it is recognized as an official animal in the novels. |
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| Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis |
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The "thickhead reptile" was described by Gilmore in 1931.
Pachycephalosaurus lived during the Late Cretaceous Period about 67 to 65.5 million years ago. It was about 4 meters (13 ft) in length, 1 and half meters (5 ft) in height and 800 pounds (365 kilos) in weight.
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Parasaurolophus walkeri
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"Similar Saurolophus" found in Western North America and described by Parks in 1922. Parasaurolophus lived in the late Cretaceous about 76-65 Million years ago. It was 10.05 meters (33 ft.) in length, 4 meters (13 ft.) in height and weighed 4 tons.
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| Procompsognathus triassicus "pentadactyl" (*) |
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"Before Elegant Jaw" discovered around 1913 in Württemberg, Germany, described & named in 1913 by Eberhard Fraas. Procompsognathus lived during the Late Triassic Period about 222 to 219 million years ago. It was 1.2 meters (3.8 feet) in length, 26 centimeters (10 inches) in height, & 2.2 pounds (1 kilogram) in weight.
Presently there is no evidence to say that Procompsognathus had five fingers or four fingers like its more contemporary relative, Segisaurus halli and other ceolophysids. For now it is presumed that the Procompsognathus featured in the novels is a mutant or a similar genetically modified animal.
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Stegosaurus stenops
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"Roofed Lizard" discovered in Colorado in 1876 by M. P. Felch & described by Othniel C. Marsh in 1877. Stegosaurus lived during the Late Jurassic Period about 154 to 150 million years ago. It was 12 meters (40 ft.) in length, 5.8 meters (19 ft.) in height at the top of the plates, & 7 tons in weight. The ones in the Jurassic Park novel are 20 ft. in length with 3 foot long spikes.
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Styracosaurus albertensis
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"Spiked Lizard" discovered around 1913 by C.M. Sternberg in Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, described & named in 1913 by Lawrence Lambe. Styracosaurus lived during the Cretaceous Period about 77 to 74 million years ago. It was 5 meters (18 feet) in length, 1.8 meters (6 feet) in height, & 3 tons in weight.
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| Triceratops serratus (*) |
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"Three Horned Face" discovered in 1888 in Wyoming by John Bell Hatcher & described by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1890. Triceratops lived during the Late Cretaceous Period about 68 to 65 million years ago. It was over 10.5 meters (35 ft.) in length, over 4.5 meters (15 ft.) in height at the top of crest, & 7 tons in weight.
To modern day science this species is now considered to be synonymous with Triceratops horridus.
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Tyrannosaurus rex
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| "Tyrant Lizard King" discovered in 1902 by Barnum Brown in Hell Creek, Montana. Tyrannosaurus was holder of the world's largest carnivorous dinosaur before Spinosaurus and Giganotosaurus made their way onto the scene. Tyrannosaurus lived in the Late Cretaceous period and grew over lengths of 12 meters (40 feet), (42 feet recorded and held by "Sue"), 4 meters (13 feet) at the hips and 5 meters height (16 feet) at the top of head, & 6 to 8 tons in weight. |
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| Velociraptor mongoliensis (x Deinonychus) |
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"Swift Robber" first discovered and described by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1924 in what is now the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. Velociraptor lived in the Late Cretaceous around 67 million years ago. Velociraptor was 1.8 meters (6 feet) in length, 1 meter (3 feet) tall and 60 pounds (25 kilos) in weight. In the novel the Velociraptors are described as being six feet tall, this would put it in size comparable to Deinonychus antirrhopus, but the problem is they're earlier on identified as V. mongoliensis by Dr. Henry Wu. This would then re-warrant their classification to be a mutant version of Velociraptor, with possibly D. antirrhopus DNA in these animals.
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